Numerical Modeling and Analysis of Strengthened Steel–Concrete Composite Beams in Sagging and Hogging Moment Regions

Strengthening of composite beams is highly needed to upgrade the capacities existing beams. The strengthening methods can be classified as active or passive techniques. Therefore, main purpose this study provide detailed FE simulations for strengthened and unstrengthened steel–concrete at sagging hogging moment regions with without profiled steel sheeting. developed models were verified against experimental results from literature. used present comparisons between effect using external post-tensioning CFRP laminates Applying more effective because exhibited larger eccentricity. In form an initial camber compressive stresses in bottom flange prior loading, reasonable eccentricity induces reverse loading on reinforced beams, reducing net tensile stress induced during loading. Using concrete slab continuous enhancing beam capacity comparison post-tension. However, reductions ductility obtained.